Recent articles in this Journal have highlighted the potential for human infections with low pathogenic H7N9 avian influenza virus (LPAIV) via exposure at live poultry markets (1) (2),resulting in severe respiratory disease with a case fatality rate (CFR) of ~30% (3). As of March 2017, over 400 cases have been reported in the fifth infection wave with a CFR of ~40%. Here,we summarize the clinical, laboratory, and genetic results of two patients with viral pneumonia after infection with a novel, highly pathogenic H7N9 avian influenza virus (HPAIV).